Exephin 2 gm/vial is a third-generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic designed for the treatment and prevention of a wide range of bacterial infections. Its potent bactericidal action targets both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. With a long plasma elimination half-life of 6 to 9 hours, Exephin allows convenient once- or twice-daily dosing.

রেজিস্টার্ড চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ অনুযায়ী ঔষধ সেবন করুন

Therapeutic Class:
Third-generation Cephalosporins

Indications:
Exephin 2 gm/vial is effective in managing:

• Lower respiratory tract infections (e.g., pneumonia, bronchitis)

• Acute bacterial otitis media

• Skin and skin structure infections

• Urinary tract infections

• Gonorrhea

• Bacterial septicemia

• Bone and joint infections

• Meningitis

• Prevention of postoperative infections

• Perioperative prophylaxis for surgery-associated infections

Pharmacology:
Exephin 2 gm/vial exerts bactericidal activity by disrupting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It is stable against beta-lactamases and largely excreted unchanged in urine and bile. The drug is highly protein-bound (95%) and not metabolized in the body.

Dosage and Administration:

Adults:

• General infections: 1–2 g IV or IM once daily (or divided into twice-daily doses)

• Maximum dose: 4 g/day

• Uncomplicated gonococcal infection: 250 mg IM single dose

• Surgical prophylaxis: 1 g IV 30–120 minutes before surgery

Infants & Children (≥1 month):

• General infections: 50–75 mg/kg IV or IM once daily (or divided twice daily), max 2 g/day

• Acute otitis media: 50 mg/kg IM single dose, max 1 g/day

• Meningitis: 100 mg/kg IV or IM once daily (or divided twice daily), max 4 g/day

Administration Instructions:

• Intramuscular Injection: Dissolve 250–500 mg in 2 ml lidocaine HCl 1%; 1 g in 3.5 ml lidocaine HCl 1%.

• Intravenous Injection: Dissolve 250–500 mg in 5 ml water for injection; 1 g in 10 ml; 2 g in 20 ml. Administer over 2–4 minutes IV or by infusion over 30 minutes at 10–40 mg/mL.

• Conduct a patient tolerance test prior to full administration. Use freshly reconstituted solutions for optimal potency.

Contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins

  রেজিস্টার্ড চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ অনুযায়ী ঔষধ সেবন করুন

Side Effects:
Commonly well tolerated. Possible adverse effects include:

• Gastrointestinal: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, glossitis

• Cutaneous: rash, pruritus, urticaria, edema, erythema multiforme

• Hematologic: eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, anemia, neutropenia

• Hepatic: elevated SGOT/SGPT, bilirubinemia

• CNS: headache, dizziness, nervousness, confusion, sleep disturbances, convulsions

• Local: rare phlebitis with IV administration

Pregnancy & Lactation:

• Use only if clearly needed; caution during lactation as low levels are excreted in breast milk.

Precautions & Warnings:

• Monitor for anaphylactic reactions; immediate treatment required if occurs

• Gallbladder sludge may rarely occur; conservative management recommended

• Regular blood monitoring during prolonged therapy

Overdose:
No specific antidote; treat symptoms supportively.

Storage:
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.