Lopamid 2 mg Capsule contains Loperamide Hydrochloride, an effective anti-diarrhoeal medicine used for the symptomatic treatment of acute and chronic diarrhoea. It works by slowing intestinal movement, allowing more time for water and electrolytes to be absorbed from the bowel. This helps reduce stool frequency, improve stool consistency, and control urgency. Lopamid is commonly used in adults and children (above the recommended age) to manage sudden episodes of diarrhoea as well as long-term diarrhoeal conditions.

রেজিস্টার্ড চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ অনুযায়ী ঔষধ সেবন করুন

Indications

Lopamid 2 mg is indicated for:

• Acute diarrhoea

• Chronic diarrhoea

It provides symptomatic relief but does not treat the underlying cause of diarrhoea.

Therapeutic Class

• Anti-diarrhoeal

• Anti-motility drug

Pharmacology

Loperamide acts by inhibiting the peristaltic activity of both longitudinal and circular smooth muscles in the intestine. It interacts with cholinergic and non-cholinergic neuronal mechanisms responsible for the peristaltic reflex.

It binds to opiate receptors in the gut wall, reducing propulsive peristalsis and increasing intestinal transit time. As a result:

• Fluid and electrolyte absorption is enhanced

• Stool frequency decreases

• Stool becomes more solid

After oral administration, approximately 65% is absorbed, with peak serum levels occurring around 4 hours later. About 35% is excreted unchanged in feces. It undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the gut wall and liver, which limits its systemic availability. Due to this metabolism and high affinity for the gut wall, it does not produce central opioid effects.

Elimination:

• 0.63–1.4% in urine (unchanged)

• 58% in bile

• 15–23% in feces

Dosage & Administration

Acute Diarrhoea

• Adults: Initial dose 2 capsules, followed by 1 capsule after each loose stool.

• Children over 8 years: Initial dose 1 capsule, followed by 1 capsule after each loose stool.

Maximum daily dose:

• Adults: 8 capsules

• Children: 4–6 capsules depending on age

Chronic Diarrhoea

• Adults: Initial dose 2 capsules daily

• Children over 8 years: 1 capsule daily

Maintenance dose should be adjusted to achieve 1–2 normal stools per day. Typically ranges from 1–6 capsules daily.

Drug Interactions

No known significant drug incompatibilities have been reported with Lopamid 2 mg.

রেজিস্টার্ড চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ অনুযায়ী ঔষধ সেবন করুন

Contraindications

• Children under 4 years of age

• When inhibition of peristalsis should be avoided (e.g., constipation, abdominal distension)

• Severe dehydration in children

• Acute ulcerative colitis

• Pseudomembranous colitis associated with broad-spectrum antibiotics

• Acute dysentery with blood in stools and high fever

Side Effects

Occasionally reported side effects include:

• Paralytic ileus

• Abdominal cramps and bloating

• Nausea and vomiting

• Constipation

• Drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness

• Dry mouth

• Skin reactions (e.g., urticaria)

Precautions & Warnings

• Use cautiously in patients with hepatic impairment, as reduced metabolism may increase drug levels.

• Discontinue if constipation, abdominal swelling, or ileus develops.

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Safety during pregnancy has not been established; use only if clearly necessary.

• Small amounts are secreted in breast milk; caution is advised during lactation.

Overdose

Symptoms:

• CNS depression

• Constipation

• Urinary retention

• Ileus

Management:

• Gastric lavage

• Activated charcoal

• Naloxone may be used as an antidote

Storage Conditions

Store between 20–25°C, protected from moisture and heat. Keep out of reach of children.